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The study of biophotons—ultra-weak photon emissions (UPE) from living cells—began over 100 years ago with Alexander Gurwitsch's discovery of "mitogenetic radiation," where light from onion roots was found to stimulate cell division in nearby plants. This research was largely sidelined as it challenged the then-dominant chemical paradigms of biology. Van Wijk traces the field's revival through three distinct phases: The Gurwitsch Era : Discovery of light-driven cell proliferation. Technological Breakthrough
Biophotons are emitted at a steady rate—from a few per cell per day to several hundred per second—across the visible and ultraviolet spectrum. Van Wijk highlights two primary sources and functions: light in shaping life biophotons in biology and medicine pdf
