However, it is likely you are referring to the or Ind-Focus research series, or perhaps the highly influential National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019/2021 , which is the definitive benchmark for Malaysian lifestyle and health trends during that period [1, 2].

Malaysia’s prolonged movement control orders (MCOs) reshaped everyday life. By 2021, hybrid work models had become the norm, leading to increased home-based activities. Key lifestyle observations from Indon Besar included:

For the Indonesian migrant population (often colloquially but sometimes controversially referred to as Indon ), 2021 presented unique health challenges.

While Malaysia offers affordable public healthcare, the undocumented nature of many Indon Besar workers meant they relied on obat warung (street stall medicine) or traditional jamu (herbal medicine) to treat COVID symptoms. This led to late-stage hospitalizations.