Axial turbines are a type of turbine where the fluid flow is parallel to the turbine axis. In an axial turbine, the fluid enters and exits the turbine with a velocity component in the direction of the turbine axis. Axial turbines are commonly used in applications where high flow rates and low pressure ratios are required.
This paper synthesizes key principles from Hany Moustapha’s work on axial and radial turbines, focusing on aerodynamic design, loss mechanisms, and off-design performance. Axial turbines are preferred for high-flow, high-efficiency applications such as gas turbines, while radial turbines offer robustness and higher work output per stage for low-flow conditions. The paper compares velocity triangles, stage loading, reaction ratios, and loss correlations. Results indicate that axial turbines achieve efficiencies up to 92%, whereas radial turbines maintain 85–88% efficiency but with wider operating ranges. Design recommendations are provided for selecting turbine type based on specific speed and flow coefficient. Axial And Radial Turbines By Hany Moustapha.pdf
Beyond the basics, the Hany Moustapha material is prized for its advanced, pragmatic chapters: Axial turbines are a type of turbine where